Which entity is primarily responsible for registering voters and parties and setting campaign expenditure ceilings?

• A. Import Substitution
• B. Instituto Federal Electoral
• C. Petróleos Mexicanos
• D. Benito Juárez

Answer: (B)

The key idea is identifying who oversees elections and regulates how campaigns are financed in Mexico. Instituto Federal Electoral is the body that was created to organize federal elections, maintain the national voter registry, register political parties, and set campaign expenditure ceilings. These duties—ensuring who can vote, which parties are legally recognized, and how much money can be spent in campaigns—are exactly what this institution is designed to handle, making it the correct choice. The other options don’t fit: Import Substitution is an economic policy, Petróleos Mexicanos is the state-owned oil company, and Benito Juárez is a historical figure, none of which administer elections or regulate campaign finance.